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Recent Submissions
ANÁLISIS JURÍDICO DE LA PRISIÓN PREVENTIVA EN LA REFORMA DEL CÓDIGO ORGÁNICO INTEGRAL PENAL DEL AÑO 2021 Y LINEAMIENTOS JURISPRUDENCIALES
(2023) ROXANNA LESLIE RIVADENEIRA ARIAS; KAREN ELIZABETH MANGA HANNA
The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the tensions generated by the preventive detention measure between procedural effectiveness, freedom rights and the presumption of innocence. Based on this premise, the Public Defender's Office considers that preventive detention exists in an abusive and indiscriminate manner, echoing the criticisms given by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights in the application of the measure, which should be necessarily proportional, necessary and except; thus allowing the prosecutor's action in flagrant proceedings, that the holder of the public exercise requests the judge the application of preventive detention almost in a general way, which causes the violation of the principle of innocence, excessive and arbitrary use of the precautionary measure
Therefore, the seriousness of the situation has allowed the development of broad and complex jurisprudence to improve the usefulness in practice of several international
standards, allowing the present work to systematize relevant aspects of pretrial detention, from the internal criminal procedural configuration and thus allow the rationalization usefulness of the measure injurious to the right to liberty and presumption of innocence of the prosecuted subject.
Finally, it is recommended in this study to be focused on the proper use of pretrial detention by those in charge of justice administrators, and grant future lines of research to provide inputs based on the conclusions of this work, guides that will allow focus on the
decision-making of criminal policies evidenced in Ecuador.
Implementación y operación de escáneres en puertos delegados en Ecuador y su incidencia en la ejecución de los contratos de Asociación Público-Privada (APP)
(2023) Ana María SOTOMAYOR TAPIA; Lizeth Carolina SÁNCHEZ BAZANTES
This paper seeks to analyze the implementation and operation of scanners in ports delegated to foreign investment and how it affects the execution of Public-Private Partnership (PPP) contracts. To this end, a review of the clauses of such contracts, applicable legal regulations, comparisons between the delegated ports in the country, as well as interviews with experts, were carried out in order to learn about the contractual obligations of the delegate and the State. Some contracts, such as the one signed by Autoridad Portuaria de Puerto Bolivar (Appb) and Yilport Terminal Operations (Yilportecu) S.A., did not provide for investment in the estimates and/or technical and quantity conditions required by the Government. Other delegated ports are operating scanners, such as DP World Posorja S.A. and Terminal Portuaria de Manta TPM S.A (TPM); and those that are still in process, such as Yilportecu, expressed their concern about the operation of these scanners so that it is not the delegated manager who operates such equipment, despite the fact that this is a non-delegable attribution of the National Customs Service of Ecuador (SENAE). In addition, it was verified that in cases such as Contecom Guayaquil S.A., an addendum to the contract was made and in Andipuerto Guayaquil S.A., a renegotiation process is underway. It is concluded that the implementation of this non-intrusive technology is necessary, however, the mechanisms used violate the contractual rights of some PPPs, due to the requirement of an investment not contemplated; and, for the provision of a service that cannot be attributed to the delegated manager.
LA RESPONSABILIDAD DE LAS PERSONAS JURÍDICAS EN EL DELITO DE LAVADO DE ACTIVOS SEGÚN EL ART. 49 DEL CÓDIGO ORGÁNICO INTEGRAL PENAL Y SU COMPARACIÓN ENTRE LAS LEGISLACIONES DE LAS REPÚBLICAS DE ECUADOR Y COLOMBIA
(2023) MIGUEL ANGEL ANDRADE ORTIZ; SERGIO FABRICIO CAICEDO MARZO
During the elaboration of this investigation, we can read that the people use companies or societies for the illicit purpose of money laundering, but the comparative analysis is clearly defined and it tries to clarify through the comparison method, the imputability of the structures business, because despite the fact that the history of some legislations, we can read that the companies doesn’t have punishment in Law 599 of 2000, valid in the Republic of Colombia, that legal persons are not criminally relevant subjects. An obvious ambiguity to this subject, because it always ends in a pecuniary penalty for the companies. Nowadays, one particularity that show up is the social vision, that the Colombian State provides towards all the companies established in this jurisdiction, it is the total responsibility of the legal representatives. The opposite is described in art. 49 of the Ecuadorian Criminal Law, which clearly attributes criminal responsibility to legally constituted people in the Republic of Ecuador, especially in crimes against the national financial system, which is very advanced at this point of time. In
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this review based on a comparative methodology, we can be evidenced the spirit of the laws into the two nations, specifically in the enforcement.
ANÁLISIS DE LOS ELEMENTOS FORMALES Y MATERIALES, COMO CORRECTA MOTIVACIÓN A LA APLICACIÓN DE LA MEDIDA CAUTELAR DE LA PRISIÓN PREVENTIVA.
(2023) RIOFRIO OLAYA KLEBER ALEXIS; QUEVEDO PÉREZ RUTH JACQUELINE
The academic article analyzes the necessary elements for the correct motivation of the precautionary measure of preventive detention in criminal judicial units. These elements focus on the principles of necessity and proportionality in accordance with international standards and the high courts of our country, which are contrary to current 2
procedural practices, also discusses the origins of preventive detention in Ecuador and the importance of the presumption of innocence and the principle of motivation in this legal system. It uses a rationalist approach and a deductive methodology, analyzing cases and exploring binding jurisprudence on the use of preventive detention. The main findings of the article are that a correct motivation for the application of preventive detention is essential to respect the fundamental guarantees of due process and human rights. The use of pre-trial detention should be exceptional, and should only be used when necessary to ensure the proper functioning of the criminal process. Lack of motivation in preventive detention decisions can lead to a violation of fundamental rights and an abuse of the prison system. The correct motivation should prioritize the application of the principle of proportionality and necessity as the central axis for an analysis of the requirements of preventive detention. In conclusion, the article highlights the importance of motivation and justification in decisions related to pretrial detention and how its correct application is essential to respect the fundamental rights of the accused and guarantee the effectiveness of the criminal process.
Key words: motivation, pretrial detention, requirements, elements.
LA MEDIACIÓN PENAL COMO HERRAMIENTA RESTAURATIVA EN LOS ADOLESCENTES INFRACTORES DE ACUERDO CON LA LEGISLACIÓN ECUATORIANA
(2023) JENIFFER KARINA PAZ HIDALGO; JOSÉ JUAN YUMISACA NARANJO
This paper addresses restorative justice in the juvenile field as a process that takes place after breaking human ties which is a crime. Through the review of literature and doctrinal concepts, it will define what restorative justice is, its main characteristics and tools to carry out a restorative process; on the other hand, it will describe how restorative justice is introduced in adolescent offenders; and, thirdly, it will establish whether criminal mediation as a restorative tool is being applied in juvenile justice cases. Finally, among the conclusions reached is that the restorative model has not been adequately socialized in the country, and as a consequence, justice administrators do not accept the restorative process because they think that the crime will remain in impunity.