Transformación Digital en PYMES del Sector Servicios en Guayaquil: Barreras, Desafíos y Oportunidades en la Implementación de IA

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a cornerstone of digital transformation for businesses, offering opportunities to optimize processes, personalize services, and enhance competitiveness. However, its adoption among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the service sector of Guayaquil faces significant challenges, including limited financial and technical resources, organizational resistance to change, and a lack of strategic leadership. This study, based on a mixed-methods approach combining surveys and a literature review, identifies the primary barriers and challenges that hinder AI implementation in these businesses while highlighting strategic opportunities to improve operational efficiency. Findings indicate that micro-enterprises face the greatest financial constraints, while small businesses struggle with organizational and technical challenges. Meanwhile, medium-sized enterprises prioritize advanced strategies but encounter complexities related to technology integration and investment justification. This work proposes tailored strategies for each business segment, including accessible financing, technical training, progressive system integration, and service personalization. These actions aim to reduce the technological gap and foster a more competitive and sustainable business ecosystem. This study not only provides a practical framework for implementing AI in SMEs but also emphasizes its potential to invigorate the service sector and promote regional economic development.