PSICOLOGÍA CLÍNICA
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repositorio.uees.edu.ec/handle/123456789/79
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item DUELO MIGRATORIO Y SU RELACIÓN CON LA ANSIEDAD Y DEPRESIÓN EN INMIGRANTES LATINOAMERICANOS(2025-12) GEOMARA GIANELLA LEÓN HUACÓN; VALERIA MABEL REYES TORRESThe study aimed to analyze the relationship between migratory grief and levels of anxiety and depression in Latin American immigrants residing in Ecuador. A quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design was used. The sample consisted of 384 immigrants over 18 years old, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling and living in different cities of the country. Data were collected using an online questionnaire administered via a virtual form, which included the Migratory Grief and Loss Questionnaire (MGLQ), the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II). Descriptive statistics were calculated, and correlation tests were conducted to examine the hypothesized associations among the variables. The results showed positive and significant correlations between migratory grief and anxiety, as well as between migratory grief and depression, with coefficients of moderate magnitude. These findings indicated that higher levels of migratory grief were associated with an increase in anxious and depressive symptoms in the studied sample. The study provided empirical evidence of relevant emotional distress in this population and underscored the need to incorporate the assessment of migratory grief into clinical practice. However, the results should be interpreted with caution due to the non-probabilistic sampling, the cross-sectional design, and the imbalance in some subgroups of the sample, factors that limited the generalization of the findings and the inference of causality.Item FLEXIBILIDAD PSICOLÓGICA COMO FACTOR PROTECTOR EN EL SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE GRADO(2025-12) KIARA VALESKA ESPÍN MONTERO; ERICK SEBASTIAN ZAMBRANO MORAAcademic burnout is a syndrome that affects the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral well-being of university students and consists of three dimensions: exhaustion, cynicism, and academic ineffectiveness. This highlights the need for a protective factor against this syndrome. Psychological flexibility is a suitable candidate, as it is related to several factors of human adaptability, such as resilience and emotional regulation. It is defined as being in total contact with the present moment, without unnecessary defenses, maintaining behavior based on a specific set of chosen values. The research methodology was quantitative with a relational objective, in which convenience sampling was used to select participants. The general objective was to analyze the relationship between psychological flexibility and academic burnout by determining the correlation between the two. The research hypothesis was that psychological flexibility was negatively associated with academic burnout. To this end, online surveys were conducted with 304 undergraduate students (62% women, average age = 22.15), using the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory to measure psychological flexibility and the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey to measure academic burnout. No significant correlation was found between average burnout and psychological flexibility (r = .042, p = .478). However, significant relationships were found between psychological flexibility and dimensions of burnout: a positive correlation with exhaustion (rho = .170, p = .004) and a negative correlation with cynicism and academic inefficacy (rho = -.176, p = .003).Item Relación entre el apoyo social, la regulación emocional y el estrés en estudiantes universitarios(2025-12) GIOVANNA NICOLLS TACLE GÓMEZ; BEATRIZ SOLANGE ORTEGA ARGUELLOThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between social support, emotional regulation and stress in university students. For this purpose, the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), the Medical Outcomes Study-Social Support Survey (MOS) and the Difficulties in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS) were applied to 172 Ecuadorian undergraduate university students. The study was non-experimental, cross-sectional and relational. In addition, the levels of internal consistency and reliability of the applied instruments were evaluated. The results showed that the PSS-14, the MOS and DERS tests obtained high KMO values (.824, 0.942, and 0.910, respectively). In terms of reliability, all the instruments obtained high alpha and omega values, demonstrating their high internal consistency. As for the hypothesis that sought to evaluate the relationship between the variables, linear regression analyses showed that social support acts as a protective factor against stress, since when its values increase, those of stress decrease β=-0.219, R2=0.048, p<0.01). On the other hand, emotional dysregulation functions as a predictor of stress, since the higher the level of dysregulation, the higher the levels of perceived stress (β=0.361, R2=0.131, p<0.01). These results demonstrate that there is a relationship between the variables and lay the groundwork for fostering the development of healthy relationships and emotional regulation strategies that favor the emotional well-being of students at this educational level. Keywords: Stress, social support, emotional regulation, college students, emotional well-being.Item INFLUENCIA DEL ENTORNO FAMILIAR EN EL RENDIMIENTO ESCOLAR EN ADOLESCENTES DE 12 A 16 AÑOS(2025-12) MARIA PAULA VIVAR CHACONThis study focuses on determining the influence of the family environment on the academic performance of adolescents between the ages of 12 and 16. From an explanatory perspective, the research examines how this environment can positively or negatively affect students' academic performance. The methodology used was non-experimental, ex post facto, cross-sectional, quantitative, and explanatory in scope. The results showed that Self-Efficacy (SE) is explained by Family Satisfaction (FS) and Family Beliefs and Values (FBV), reaching an explanatory variance of 73%. Performance (P) is explained solely by Family Beliefs and Values (FBV), with an explanatory variance of 58%. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the importance of strengthening the relationship between family and school, as well as promoting functional family environments that favor comprehensive learning and better school performance.Item EL PERFECCIONISMO DESADAPTATIVO Y LA AUTOEFICACIA COMO PREDICTORES DEL SÍNDROME DEL IMPOSTOR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS(2025-03) DANIELA CATALINA CHICAÍZA ORTEGA; CARLOS OSWALDO ROMERO PELÁEZThe aim of this study was to determine the extent to which maladaptive perfectionism and self-efficacy predict the presence of the impostor phenomenon among university students. It was hypothesized that higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism would be associated with stronger impostor feelings whereas higher self-efficacy might function as a protective factor. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 215 undergraduate students aged 18 to 25, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Three standardized instruments were applied: the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), and the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS). Psychometric analyses confirmed high reliability and factorial validity for all measures. A multiple linear regression showed that maladaptive perfectionism was a significant predictor of the impostor phenomenon (F=48.90; p < .001) whereas self-efficacy did not reach statistical significance as a predictor (p = .087). A subsequent analysis, based on the factors derived from the EFA of maladaptive perfectionism, revealed that the Insecurity about Performance dimension was the main predictor of impostor syndrome (b=0.433; t=9.763; p < .001; β=0.555), while High Personal Standards lost relevance when examined alongside this variable. Since self-efficacy was associated with lower levels of insecurity, a mediation model was tested, confirming that its influence on the syndrome is indirect, by reducing such insecurity, indicating full mediation. Altogether, the findings suggest that impostorism is primarily linked to persistent doubts about one’s personal competence rather than to high self-demand.Item EL PERFECCIONISMO DESADAPTATIVO Y LA AUTOEFICACIA COMO PREDICTORES DEL SÍNDROME DEL IMPOSTOR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS(2025-04) DANIELA CATALINA CHICAÍZA ORTEGA; CARLOS OSWALDO ROMERO PELÁEZThe aim of this study was to determine the extent to which maladaptive perfectionism and self-efficacy predict the presence of the impostor phenomenon among university students. It was hypothesized that higher levels of maladaptive perfectionism would be associated with stronger impostor feelings whereas higher self-efficacy might function as a protective factor. A quantitative, non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 215 undergraduate students aged 18 to 25, selected through non-probability convenience sampling. Three standardized instruments were applied: the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE), and the Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS). Psychometric analyses confirmed high reliability and factorial validity for all measures. A multiple linear regression showed that maladaptive perfectionism was a significant predictor of the impostor phenomenon (F=48.90; p < .001) whereas self-efficacy did not reach statistical significance as a predictor (p = .087). A subsequent analysis, based on the factors derived from the EFA of maladaptive perfectionism, revealed that the Insecurity about Performance dimension was the main predictor of impostor syndrome (b=0.433; t=9.763; p < .001; β=0.555), while High Personal Standards lost relevance when examined alongside this variable. Since self-efficacy was associated with lower levels of insecurity, a mediation model was tested, confirming that its influence on the syndrome is indirect, by reducing such insecurity, indicating full mediation. Altogether, the findings suggest that impostorism is primarily linked to persistent doubts about one’s personal competence rather than to high self-demand.Item SÍNTOMAS DEPRESIVOS Y SATISFACCIÓN LABORAL EN TRABAJADORES DE UNA EMPRESA INMOBILIARIA ECUATORIANA(2026-01) María Cecilia Lasso MuñozThe high prevalence of depression among workers is one of the most widely studied conditions today due to its impact on job performance, quality of life, and overall well-being. Objective: To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among employees of an Ecuadorian real estate company and their relationship with associated labor and sociodemographic factors. Methodology: A descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted. Data distribution was assessed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were calculated, including means, standard deviations, medians, and interquartile ranges. Associations between the studied dimensions were examined using Pearson’s chi-square test (χ²). Results: The sample consisted of 55 workers (65% women, mean age 38.9 years). Indefinite contracts predominated (98%), and most participants had more than three years of work experience (62%). High job satisfaction was reported by 76% of participants, although 80% reported experiencing stress. Minimal depression was observed in 56% of the sample, while 16% presented moderate or severe levels. Significant associations were found between depression and job satisfaction (p < .001), as well as organizational emotional support (p = .004), highlighting their protective role. Conclusion: The findings describe a stable workforce, predominantly female and with a good educational level. High job satisfaction and supervisory support were prevalent. However, the high percentage of workers reporting stress and mild to moderate depressive symptoms indicates risks to mental wellbeing. Job satisfaction and institutional support emerged as key protective factors.Item Efectividad de la Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso Frente a la Terapia Cognitiva de Beck en la Reducción de Síntomas Depresivos en Adultos: Una Revisión Sistemática(2025-12-05) Emily Salazar; Daniela ChavezEn este contexto, son varias las teorías psicológicas y neurobiológicas que han intentado explicar los mecanismos que originan y mantienen la depresión. Desde el enfoque psicodinámico, se plantea que la depresión surge como una respuesta a pérdidas reales o simbólicas, acompañadas de sentimientos de culpa y autocrítica (Bizzozero et al., 2024). Es así que modelos contemporáneos destacan la influencia de experiencias tempranas adversas y de procesos inconscientes que alteran la regulación emocional y la autoimagen del individuo (Cui et al., 2024). En esta línea, el enfoque neuropsicodinámico integra hallazgos de la neurociencia, proponiendo que la hiperactividad del default mode network y la disfunción en los sistemas de regulación del yo explican el exceso de autorreferencia negativa y rumiación típica del trastorno depresivo (Gutkin et al., 2021).Item FLEXIBILIDAD PSICOLÓGICA COMO FACTOR PROTECTOR EN EL SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS DE GRADO(2025-12) ERICK SEBASTIAN ZAMBRANO MORA; KIARA VALESKA ESPÍN MONTEROAcademic burnout is a syndrome that affects the emotional, cognitive, and behavioral well-being of university students and consists of three dimensions: exhaustion, cynicism, and academic ineffectiveness. This highlights the need for a protective factor against this syndrome. Psychological flexibility is a suitable candidate, as it is related to several factors of human adaptability, such as resilience and emotional regulation. It is defined as being in total contact with the present moment, without unnecessary defenses, maintaining behavior based on a specific set of chosen values. The research methodology was quantitative with a relational objective, in which convenience sampling was used to select participants. The general objective was to analyze the relationship between psychological flexibility and academic burnout by determining the correlation between the two. The research hypothesis was that psychological flexibility was negatively associated with academic burnout. To this end, online surveys were conducted with 304 undergraduate students (62% women, average age = 22.15), using the Multidimensional Psychological Flexibility Inventory to measure psychological flexibility and the Maslach Burnout Inventory - Student Survey to measure academic burnout. No significant correlation was found between average burnout and psychological flexibility (r = .042, p = .478). However, significant relationships were found between psychological flexibility and dimensions of burnout: a positive correlation with exhaustion (rho = .170, p = .004) and a negative correlation with cynicism and academic inefficacy (rho = -.176, p = .003).Item DIFERENCIA EN LOS NIVELES DE AUTOESTIMA Y AUTOCONCEPTO ENTRE LOS ADOLESCENTES CON C.I. SUPERIOR Y LOS DE C.I. PROMEDIO(2025-03) CASTELBLANCO PÉREZ DANIELA MARÍA; RODRÍGUEZ CHÁVEZ ALFREDO ANTHONYLa presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar las diferencias entre los niveles de autoestima y autoconcepto en adolescentes con coeficiente intelectual (C.I.) superior y aquellos con C.I. promedio. El estudio adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal y comparativo. Participaron 79 adolescentes de entre 12 y 16 años de la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador, divididos en dos grupos: 38 con C.I. superior (≥115), previamente evaluados en el CEDAP, y 41 con C.I. promedio (85–114). Se aplicaron la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, el Autoconcepto Forma 5 y el WISC-V. Los datos fueron analizados mediante pruebas de normalidad, prueba de Mann-Whitney U, análisis de confiabilidad y prueba t de Student. Los resultados no respaldaron la hipótesis inicial, ya que no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos grupos ni en la Autoestima Total ni en las dimensiones del Autoconcepto. Estos hallazgos sugieren que el nivel de C.I. no constituye un factor determinante en la autopercepción de los adolescentes evaluados. Se destaca, no obstante, que ciertas características de la muestra —como su tamaño reducido y la intervención especializada recibida por los adolescentes con C.I. superior— podrían haber influido en los resultados. En este sentido, los hallazgos invitan a reflexionar sobre la necesidad de evitar suposiciones generalizadas sobre el impacto del C.I. en variables psicosociales como la autoestima y el autoconcepto, y promueven una comprensión más integral del desarrollo adolescente.Item TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN QUE SE PRESENTA COMO REQUISITO PREVIO A OPTAR EL GRADO DE LICENCIATURA EN PSICOLOGÍA CLÍNICA(2025-12) JÁCOME SOTO ARIANNA FERNANDA; CASTRO PICO CAROLINE FIORELLAThis study analyzed the mediating role of problematic social media use in the relationship between perceived loneliness and sleep quality in young adults. It was hypothesized that a greater perception of loneliness would increase problematic social media use, thereby worsening sleep quality. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design was used, with non-probability convenience sampling. Two hundred and four young adults participated and were assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (V3) (Russell et al., 1996), the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) (Andreassen et al., 2012), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (Buysse et al., 1989). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation. The results showed that perceived loneliness was directly associated with poorer sleep quality and more problematic social media use, but the latter did not mediate the relationship between perceived loneliness and sleep; therefore, the proposed mediation was not confirmed. Longitudinal studies are recommended, along with exploring other mediators and developing interventions focused on managing loneliness, improving sleep habits, and reducing problematic social media use.Item RELACIÓN ENTRE EL NIVEL DE EXPOSICIÓN A REDES SOCIALES Y LA DISCREPANCIA ENTRE LA IDENTIDAD ONLINE Y OFFLINE EN ADULTOS JÓVENES(2025-12) TATHIANA MICHELLE ESPINOZA ORELLANA; CAMILA ALEJANDRA VELASCO ORTEGALa irrupción de las redes sociales ha transformado radicalmente la manera en que los adultos jóvenes construyen y manifiestan su identidad. Este fenómeno ha motivado el interés por analizar la relación entre el nivel de exposición a las redes sociales y la discrepancia entre la identidad online y la identidad offline. Esta última se refiere a la percepción que los individuos tienen de sí mismos en la vida cotidiana, un proceso influido por experiencias personales, roles sociales y contextos culturales (Erikson, 1968; Marcia, 1966), mientras que la primera corresponde a la imagen proyectada en espacios digitales, construida mediante elementos seleccionados y modulada por las normas propias de cada plataforma (Papacharissi, 2010; Turkle, 2011). Hoy, la vida online no solo refleja, sino que también configura aspectos fundamentales del ser, influyendo en su expresión y generando tensiones entre lo que se muestra y lo que realmente se es (Subrahmanyam et al., 2008).Item “EL PAPEL MODERADOR DEL GRIT EN LA RELACIÓN DEL ESTRÉS ACADÉMICO Y LA PROCRASTINACIÓN ACADÉMICA”(2025-12) LUIS ANDRÉS BÉJAR CÁRDENAS; AMY SOLANGE GUILLEN MURRIETAThis research was quantitative, non-experimental, and correlational, and its objective was to analyze whether grit moderated the relationship between academic stress and academic procrastination in university students. The study included a sample of 220 university students from Ecuador, aged 18 to 28. Three psychometric instruments were used: the Procrastination Assessment Scale for Students to evaluate academic procrastination, the SISCO Inventory to measure academic stress, and the Grit Scale to assess grit levels. The results showed that the model explained 30.9% of the total variance in procrastination. Academic stress was positively related to procrastination, while grit was 4 negatively related. The interaction effect was significant, revealing that, contrary to expectations, the relationship between stress and procrastination was stronger among students with moderately high levels of grit. It was concluded that procrastination increases as academic stress rises and grit decreases; however, grit does not function as a universal protective factor, as it moderated the relationship in the opposite direction of what was anticipated. Additionally, grit demonstrated a mediating role: higher stress predicted lower grit, and lower grit predicted higher procrastination, highlighting a dual function of grit within this relationship. This study provides evidence to enhance the understanding of personal factors that influence academic behavior.Item RELACIÓN ENTRE LOS ESTILOS DE APEGO, AUTOESTIMA Y SÍNDROME DEL IMPOSTOR EN ESTUDIANTES UNIVERSITARIOS(2025-12) MARÍA SOL BASTIDAS PRIETO; PAULINA LUCÍA CALDERÓN PRIETOEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la relación entre los estilos de apego, la autoestima y el síndrome del impostor en estudiantes universitarios ecuatorianos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 312 participantes (60,6 % mujeres y 39,4 % hombres) con edades entre 18 y 25 años (M = 20.42, SD = 1.83), seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Se aplicaron la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg, el Clance Impostor Phenomenon Scale (CIPS) y el Cuestionario de Apego del CaMir-R. El estudio presentó un diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Los resultados mostraron que los estudiantes con apego inseguro presentaron niveles significativamente más bajos de autoestima que los de apego seguro (p < .05), así como una correlación negativa moderada entre autoestima y síndrome del impostor (r = –.42, p < .01). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el síndrome del impostor según el tipo de apego, ni un efecto lineal del puntaje T de apego sobre la CIPS. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la influencia del apego en el impostorismo ocurre principalmente de forma indirecta, mediada por la autoestima.Item Relación entre los niveles de ansiedad y la dependencia a la nicotina en adultos jóvenes.(2025-12) Daniela Paredes; Andrea VelázquezThis study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety levels and nicotine dependence in young adults, based on the hypothesis that higher anxiety is associated with greater dependence. A quantitative, relational, and non-experimental design was used with a sample of 329 participants aged 18 to 29, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Anxiety and nicotine dependence were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, and group comparisons between consumers and non-consumers using Welch’s t-test. Results revealed a positive, moderate, and statistically significant correlation between anxiety and nicotine dependence (ρ = .319, p < .001), indicating that higher anxiety levels are associated with greater loss of autonomy related to nicotine use. Significant differences in anxiety levels were also found between consumers and non-consumers (p = .013), with consumers reporting higher anxiety symptoms. Overall, the findings suggest that anxiety plays a relevant role in nicotine consumption among young adults and underscore the need to incorporate emotional distress assessment into prevention and intervention programs targeting this population.Item ROL MEDIADOR DEL USO PROBLEMÁTICO DE REDES SOCIALES ENTRE LA PERCEPCIÓN DE SOLEDAD Y LA CALIDAD DEL SUEÑO EN ADULTOS JÓVENES(2025-12) JÁCOME SOTO ARIANNA FERNANDA; CASTRO PICO CAROLINE FIORELLAThis study analyzed the mediating role of problematic social media use in the relationship between perceived loneliness and sleep quality in young adults. It was hypothesized that a greater perception of loneliness would increase problematic social media use, thereby worsening sleep quality. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design was used, with non-probability convenience sampling. Two hundred and four young adults participated and were assessed using the UCLA Loneliness Scale (V3) (Russell et al., 1996), the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) (Andreassen et al., 2012), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (Buysse et al., 1989). Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with maximum likelihood estimation. The results showed that perceived loneliness was directly associated with poorer sleep quality and more problematic social media use, but the latter did not mediate the relationship between perceived loneliness and sleep; therefore, the proposed mediation was not confirmed. Longitudinal studies are recommended, along with exploring other mediators and developing interventions focused on managing loneliness, improving sleep habits, and reducing problematic social media use.Item TRABAJO DE TITULACIÓN QUE SE PRESENTA COMO REQUISITO PREVIO A OPTAR EL GRADO DE LICENCIATURA EN PSICOLOGÍA CLÍNICA(2025-12) TATHIANA MICHELLE ESPINOZA ORELLANA; CAMILA ALEJANDRA VELASCO ORTEGALa irrupción de las redes sociales ha transformado radicalmente la manera en que los adultos jóvenes construyen y manifiestan su identidad. Este fenómeno ha motivado el interés por analizar la relación entre el nivel de exposición a las redes sociales y la discrepancia entre la identidad online y la identidad offline. Esta última se refiere a la percepción que los individuos tienen de sí mismos en la vida cotidiana, un proceso influido por experiencias personales, roles sociales y contextos culturales (Erikson, 1968; Marcia, 1966), mientras que la primera corresponde a la imagen proyectada en espacios digitales, construida mediante elementos seleccionados y modulada por las normas propias de cada plataforma (Papacharissi, 2010; Turkle, 2011). Hoy, la vida online no solo refleja, sino que también configura aspectos fundamentales del ser, influyendo en su expresión y generando tensiones entre lo que se muestra y lo que realmente se es (Subrahmanyam et al., 2008).Item Relación entre los niveles de ansiedad y la dependencia a la nicotina en adultos jóvenes.(2025-12) Daniela Paredes; Andrea VelázquezThis study aimed to examine the relationship between anxiety levels and nicotine dependence in young adults, based on the hypothesis that higher anxiety is associated with greater dependence. A quantitative, relational, and non-experimental design was used with a sample of 329 participants aged 18 to 29, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Anxiety and nicotine dependence were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and the Hooked on Nicotine Checklist (HONC). Data analyses included descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, and group comparisons between consumers and non-consumers using Welch’s t-test. Results revealed a positive, moderate, and statistically significant correlation between anxiety and nicotine dependence (ρ = .319, p < .001), indicating that higher anxiety levels are associated with greater loss of autonomy related to nicotine use. Significant differences in anxiety levels were also found between consumers and non-consumers (p = .013), with consumers reporting higher anxiety symptoms. Overall, the findings suggest that anxiety plays a relevant role in nicotine consumption among young adults and underscore the need to incorporate emotional distress assessment into prevention and intervention programs targeting this population.Item APOYO SOCIAL PERCIBIDO COMO MEDIADOR DE LA RELACIOÓN ENTRE DISFUNCIONALIDAD PARENTAL Y NIVELES DE ESTRÉS PERCIBIDO EN ADULTOS JÓVENES(2025-12) ACOSTA SARMIENTO LAYLA PATRICIA; ALVAREZ FLORES HERNÁN ALEJANDROThe present study aimed primarily to analyze the relationship between perceived parental dysfunction, perceived social support, and perceived stress in young adults. In addition, the mediating role of social support in the relationship between perceived parental dysfunction and stress levels was evaluated, specifically considering the dimensions of coping and perceived distress. A total of 259 Ecuadorian university students between 18 and 25 years old participated in the study. Data were collected through self-administered questionnaires delivered virtually. The findings showed that perceived parental dysfunction, both maternal and paternal, was directly related to higher levels of perceived distress in young adults. In this case, no evidence of mediation by social support was found, due to the absence of a significant direct association between social support and distress. In contrast, the analysis of perceived coping showed that social support did play a role in the relationship with parental dysfunction. Mediation was found for both paternal and maternal dysfunction.Item EFICACIA DE LA TERAPIA DIALÉCTICO CONDUCTUAL EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE LA DEPRESIÓN EN ADULTOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE LA LITERATURA CIENTÍFICA(2025-12) MATHIAS SAN MIGUEL; MILTON PÁRRAGAThis study examined the extent to which Dialectical Behavioral Therapy was effective in the treatment of depression in adults through a systematic review of the scientific literature. For study selection, investigations were included when participants were adults, depressive symptoms were assessed with validated clinical instruments and depression appeared as a primary diagnosis or as a comorbid or secondary condition. Interventions based on Dialectical Behavioral Therapy in full format or through specific components were considered when they were grounded in its principles and described in terms of duration and frequency. Only studies with at least one comparison or control group, pretest-posttest design and quantitative efficacy outcomes were included. Information was searched in international databases and findings were 3 summarized, compared and integrated, considering design, sample characteristics, intervention modalities and control conditions. 26 studies were included, with samples of adults with depression, frequently with clinical comorbidities and in outpatient or partial hospitalization settings. Results showed that Dialectical Behavioral Therapy was associated with consistent reductions in depressive symptoms and was superior to passive control conditions and treatment as usual, although it did not show systematic superiority over other active psychological treatments. It was concluded that Dialectical Behavioral Therapy constituted an effective intervention for adult depression, with limitations related to methodological heterogeneity, small sample sizes and predominance of specific clinical contexts. Implications for practice were indicated by suggesting this therapy as a valid alternative and highlighting the need for more rigorous comparative studies.