COMPRAS PROGRAMADAS COMO ALTERNATIVAS DE FINANCIAMIENTO: ANÁLISIS FINANCIERO Y DE RIESGOS.

Abstract

This project analyzes the installment purchase model, which faces structural weaknesses reflected in high levels of delinquency, insufficient liquidity, and loss of consumer confidence. These limitations have led to the dissolution of several companies for failing to meet the solvency requirements established by the Superintendence of Companies, Securities and Insurance (SCVS). In this context, the need was identified to strengthen the system’s sustainability through a comprehensive approach that integrates regulation, control, and international best practices. After comparing different alternatives, the implementation of a Risk Management Model based on international frameworks such as COSO-ERM (2017) and ISO 31000 (2018) was selected for its capacity to reduce delinquency, ensure liquidity, and restore the sector’s credibility. The implementation plan is structured into five phases: strategic design, execution of the risk management model, digitalization with real-time monitoring, transparent communication with clients, and a cycle of continuous improvement. This approach not only ensures compliance with regulatory requirements but also projects profitability through indicators such as ROA, ROE, NPV, and IRR, positioning the model as a reliable alternative to bank credit and leasing. The project concludes that the disciplined application of risk management, combined with digitalization and transparency processes, will consolidate a more solid, competitive, and sustainable system. Furthermore, it recommends strengthening organizational training, increasing liquidity provisions, and promoting consumer financial education—key elements to ensure long-term stability and enhance the sector’s reputation.