TRATAMIENTO ABLATIVO EN PACIENTES CON FIBRILACION AURICULAR PAROXISTICA REFRACTARIA AL TRATAMIENTO MEDICO EN EL HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA DURANTE EL PERIODO 2019-2022

Abstract

Problem: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice, representing a total of 2% of the world population, and is an important factor of morbidity and mortality in which several risk factors are determining factors for its occurrence. developing. Objective: To identify the clinical-epidemiological characteristics, hospital stay, duration of the procedure, adverse events, efficacy and safety in refractory paroxysmal AF associated with ablative treatment. Design: Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. Methods: The database of the Cardiology area of the Luis Vernaza Hospital was used to identify the patients who underwent ablative treatment from 2019 to 2022, the patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation, as well as cryoablation, were analyzed. Statistical analysis was used depending on the variable to be studied. Results: The sample consisted of 78 patients who met the proposed inclusion and exclusion criteria. It was observed that 59% were men and 41% were women with an average age of 60 years, with a personal history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, unspecified arrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome and heart failure. 62.82% underwent cryoablation and 37.18% underwent radiofrequency ablation. 64% of the participants had no complications after the procedure and 36% had adverse events such as pain and mild bleeding and unspecified arrhythmias. The hospital stay of the patients who underwent cryoablation was 23 days with an average duration of 3 hours and 16 minutes and in patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation it was 21 days with an average duration of 3 hours and 28 minutes. minutes. After 12 months of ablative treatment, the recurrence rate was 12.82% and the success rate was 87.18%. xii Conclusion: Both cryoablation and radiofrequency ablation proved to be safe interventions in terms of present adverse events with low recurrence rates after 12 months. However, more studies are needed to study the results that could be presented in the long term.