INCINERADORES ECOLÓGICOS COMO UNA ALTERNATIVA AL MANEJO DE RESIDUOS SÓLIDOS COMUNES EN EMPRESAS GRANDES DE LA CIUDAD DE GUAYAQUIL

Abstract

The accelerated development of global economies has induced the uncontrolled generation of waste, which if is not managed properly, ends up occupying 100% of capacity of traditional landfills and the incorrect disposition in open places. In Ecuador, there have not been an official policy to create acknowledgement about the effects of incorrect disposition, and it is common to find dumps in residential areas, or next to rivers. In recent years, a few programs have been created to educate people and punish bad disposition. In the case of Guayaquil, the city has a municipal landfill called "Las Iguanas", which receives about 3,800 daily tons of solid waste collected in residential and industrial areas (Salvador, 2015), which has resulted in "Las Iguanas is occupied 60% of its capacity, the total area is 200 hectares and is divided into four sections a, B, C and D of which today there are two cornered and two open, where garbage is buried. There are only 15 hectares fill in Las Iguanas, so it aims to be cornered by 2017. (Monteverde, 2011). Therfore it is necessary to have several alternatives designed to treat solid waste, ecological incinerator arise as a friendly option with the environment. They not only eliminate waste through combustion, but also reduce ashes to a minimal proportion, and encapsulate gases, with any prejudicial impact. The thesis proposes a deep analysis of this type of incinerators and recommends its implementation in big companies of Guayaquil. At the same time, it evaluates costs, benefits and technical specifications, and documents the results of a poll consulted about their perception of the wasted generated by local companies and their need to implement ecological incinerators.